Qhov tsis muaj txuj ci, tej zaum ntau tus neeg tau xav, tab sis qhov tseeb yog qhov hnyav dua, ntau lub lag luam yav tom ntej yuav raug tso tseg, kev lag luam poob qis thiab txawm tias tshem tawm.
Ua cas koj ho hais li ntawd? Vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg hlau kev lag luam thiab kev kho dua tshiab ntawm kev txawj ntse tsim, qhov chaw ntawm cov txuj ci tau hloov, uas yog hais tias, feem ntau ntawm cov txuj ci niaj hnub no tsis phim cov kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam hauv qab no.
Some time ago, I heard an industry expert say that he once asked a programmer how much code he could write in a day. The programmer replied that he could write 3,000 lines of code. The expert laughed and replied, "You are not writing code, you are writing a novel.
Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias vim hais tias tus programmer tsuas tuaj yeem hais tias tus neeg nqa khoom ntawm qhov kev zov me nyuam, tsis tuaj yeem txhawb kev nce qib ntawm cov txuj ci kev lag luam, qhov tseeb, tus programmer tuaj yeem sau ib kab hauv ib hnub tuaj yeem ua tiav daim ntawv thov code, tau ua kev lag luam sab saum toj, tab sis. yav tom ntej yog qhov kev lag luam xav tau cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog kev muaj peev xwm tshiab.
Over the years, our country manufacturing industry has been developing rapidly, just two hundred and thirty, it passed the first stage of the labor-intensive industries, the second phase of capital-intensive industries, to now begin to enter the third stage of intelligence intensive industry, high-end manufacturing, but it is well known that the later the more difficult it is to walk, for all kinds of talents are increasingly dependent on, And we're clearly not ready for that right now.
Robot kev lag luam txuj ci tsis txaus saib xyuas
Since 2013, China has been the world's largest robot market. In terms of the overall development of the industry, China has become the backbone to support the development of the global robot industry. According to the China Robot Industry Development Report, the size of China's robot market is expected to reach 83.9 billion yuan in 2021, with an average growth rate of 18.3 percent from 2016 to 2023, far exceeding the global average annual growth rate of 11.5 percent.
Robot, known as the "pearl on the crown of manufacturing industry", has the characteristics of high technology integration, complex application environment, more professional operation and maintenance, and has multi-level talent demand.
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm Ministry of Human Resources thiab Social Security tau taw qhia tias nyob rau xyoo tas los no, cov lag luam hauv tsev thiab cov chaw tshawb fawb tshawb fawb tau siv zog rau kev qhia thiab kev cob qhia cov txuj ci hauv kev tshawb fawb cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab, uas tau ua tiav kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv lub hauv paus kho vajtse thiab. qib technical. Txawm li cas los xij, kev cob qhia cov txuj ci siv xws li kev debugging, kev ua haujlwm tu thiab kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm tseem tsis txaus. Cov kws tshaj lij uas paub txog kev lag luam neeg hlau, kev saib xyuas, kev debugging, kev daws teeb meem thiab lwm yam thev naus laus zis yog qhov xav tau ntau ntxiv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam neeg hlau tsis nyob ib leeg, xav kom tau txais kev loj hlob ntawm kev nruam, kev ua haujlwm siab, yuav tsum hla ua ke nrog ntau lwm yam lag luam, xws li kev txawj ntse, huab xam, tshuab pom, lus ntuj, thiab lwm yam. siab thiab tshiab thev naus laus zis, nws yog ib qho kev lag luam loj heev, mus rau hauv cov neeg hlau los ntawm kev tsim khoom mus rau kev tsim khoom, mus rau daim ntawv thov thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm txhua qhov txuas, Tag nrho cov no xav tau ntau cov txuj ci. Yog tias tsis muaj txuj ci txaus hauv ib qho kev siv tshuab, nws yuav dhau los ua lub rooj tsav xwm tsis muaj zog thiab rub txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tag nrho cov saw hlau.
Txawm li cas los xij, High-end manufacturing fields xws li robotics, artificial txawj ntse thiab huab xam pib lig nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, feem ntau pib tom qab 2000. Lub sij hawm txoj kev loj hlob tsis ntev, thiab nws tsis tau muab tso rau hauv lub ntsiab txoj hauj lwm rau ib lub sij hawm ntev, ua rau muaj kev tsis txaus ntawm cov peev txheej. Kev tsim txuj ci kev tsim kho kev npaj qhia qhia tau hais tias los ntawm 2025, cov txuj ci sib txawv hauv siab -CNC tshuab cov cuab yeej thiab cov neeg hlau cuam tshuam txog kev lag luam yuav ncav cuag 4.5 lab tus tib neeg, thaum tseem taw qhia tias cov txuj ci tsis txaus hauv kaum qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim khoom yuav ntau dua 19 lab hauv 2020, thiab daim duab yuav ze li 30 lab hauv 2025.
Los ntawm kev ua haujlwm yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab kev ua haujlwm, kev daws teeb meem nyuaj, kev saib xyuas, mus rau tag nrho cov neeg hlau hauv peb cov neeg ua haujlwm tshawb fawb, cov neeg ua haujlwm engineering, siab -cov txuj ci tsis tshua muaj peev xwm teeb meem, thiab lwm yam, qhov no yuav tsis muaj kev tsis ntseeg zoo heev rau kev txhim kho tag nrho. neeg hlau ua lag luam, ob peb tus neeg tsiv mus rau yav tom ntej profits siab lub taub hau tuam txhab uas muag tau sau, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov me thiab nruab nrab- cov lag luam loj yuav txawm tau txais cov neeg kawm tiav tshiab tsis tas, yog li poob lub zog rau kev vam meej.
Kev tsis txaus ntawm cov txuj ci yuav tsis txo qis hauv lub sijhawm luv luv
In just a few decades after the reform and open policy, our country manufacturing industry has achieved great development, worthy of the world's factory, with a power supply of the country all over the world, behind the unprecedented prosperity, we have relied on three bonuses, in addition to the globalization dividend, demographic dividend, but there is another often overlooked talent bonuses, that is to say, the development of the past, We don't actually lack talent.
Cov nyiaj faib ntawm globalization thiab pej xeem cov nyiaj faib tsis tau hais txog ntawm no, tab sis li cas txog cov nyiaj faib ntawm cov txuj ci? Qhov tseeb, lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev txawj ntse yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov theem sib txawv, tsuav nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lub sijhawm tuaj yeem hais tau tias yog txuj ci, yog li peb tau txaus siab rau cov peev nyiaj faib nyiaj yav dhau los.
The first stage of China's manufacturing industry was labor-intensive, that is, taking advantage of cheap labor, such as clothing, shoes and hats, and electronic assembly.
Cov theem no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov pej xeem loj thiab kev mob siab txaus, cov pej xeem ntau dua li tus nqi pheej yig, kev mob siab txaus tuaj yeem lav qhov ua tau zoo, nws tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej technology, kev paub, thiab txawm tias tsis nyeem ntawv tuaj yeem ua si, yog li txog tam sim no tseem yog heev. coob tus neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw, yog cov txuj ci nyob rau theem no, tsav txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev tsim khoom hauv peb lub teb chaws.
Qhov thib ob theem ntawm kev tsim khoom yog peev- kev lag luam hnyav, xws li tsheb sib dhos, tshuab hlau thiab lwm yam kev lag luam loj. Tus yuam sij rau theem no yog kev kawm yooj yim thiab infrastructure.
China's educational achievements are obvious, almost 100 percent of the nine-year compulsory education, as well as the continuous expansion of university enrollment, last year, China's university graduates as high as 8.47 million, a huge educated population, to meet the capital intensive industries in all aspects of talent demand; In terms of infrastructure, we have built the world's largest road and rail network, known as the "infrastructure fiend", which ensures the smooth movement of raw materials and finished goods.
Pom tau los ntawm cov saum toj no, thawj ob theem hauv peb lub teb chaws kev lag luam kev lag luam tsis yog tsis muaj cov txuj ci, tab sis tam sim no peb tuaj rau theem peb ntawm kev txawj ntse ua haujlwm- kev lag luam hnyav, theem no xav tau yog kev kawm, suav nrog kev kawm qib siab thiab kev kawm ua haujlwm siab, txhawm rau txhim kho kev tshawb fawb thiab txhim kho cov neeg ua haujlwm, engineers, kws tshaj lij thiab lwm tus neeg txawj ntse, thiab qhov no yog tam sim no peb tsis muaj.
Hauv kev cob qhia kev kawm qib siab ntawm r D cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov kws tshaj lij, Tuam Tshoj tsuas tuaj yeem hais tias tsis txaus siab nyob rau theem tam sim no, muaj 985 thiab 211 cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab los muab qee cov txuj ci, NW nyuam qhuav ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev lag luam, txawm tias tag nrho cov khoom muaj nqis thiab zoo. tsis txaus, thiab nrog rau kev nce qib hauv - qhov tob, qhov tsis txaus no yuav pom tseeb dua.
According to the report, a bachelor's degree is the basic education requirement for ai related positions, especially in the FIELD of AI chips, as many as 88.4 percent of positions require a bachelor's degree. A master's degree or above is required for technical positions in intelligent robotics, machine learning, natural language processing, intelligent language, and computer vision.
Hauv kev kawm qib siab -kawg kev kawm ua haujlwm rau kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab lwm tus kws tshaj lij thiab cov kws tshaj lij, Peb lub tebchaws tsis txaus, uas yog qhov tsis txaus loj tshaj plaws.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev cog qoob loo ntawm qhov siab -kawg txuj ci kev txawj ntse yuav tsum muaj qib siab - cov khoom siv kho vajtse thiab software, thiab tam sim no tsuas yog ob peb lub tsev kawm qib siab 985 thiab qee qhov saum toj kawg nkaus -cov haujlwm tsis sib haum xeeb 211 Cov Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab tuaj yeem muab cov chaw zoo li no, thaum lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv tsuas yog tsis muaj peev xwm muab cov txuj ci txaus.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, Tuam Tshoj tsis tau tsim kom muaj kev kawm ua haujlwm zoo, tsis muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm txawj txaus los ua lub luag haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg hlau thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsis siv neeg, xws li - hu ua vocational high school thiab technical school, tsis xav tau hais, kuj paub tias zoo li cas, suav tsis tau.
Did not establish the vocational education system, the main is don't have enough money before, and do a good job of German vocational education system, for example, it can let students learn directly using the most advanced production technology and equipment, these things are all come from real gold and silver, and the need to constantly upgrade, cost more, At present some of the domestic double non probably have these facilities, unfortunately, but drop in the bucket.
Ua ke, peb lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv kev txawj ntse tsim xws li neeg hlau kev lag luam txuj ci tsis txaus, nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm kev yooj yim, lub tuam txhab yuav tsum tau cov txuj ci, ntxiv rau cov nyiaj hli siab poaching, tej zaum tsuas yog tus kheej tsim, tab sis qhov no tsis tsuas yog nce tus nqi, thiab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev hloov pauv, mob siab rau tsim lawv tus kheej cov txuj ci, tej zaum yuav sai sai poached los ntawm lwm lub lag luam, nws yog qhov quaj heev lig, Qhov no kuj yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas cov tuam txhab tsis xav cog cov txuj ci. Tej zaum tsuas yog lub xeev - cov tuam txhab lag luam uas tsis suav ntau yuav ua rau muaj qee qhov kev txawj ntse, tab sis qhov ntawd yog hais txog nws.
Peb yuav txhawb kev koom ua ke ntawm kev lag luam, tsev kawm qib siab thiab cov chaw tshawb fawb los cob qhia cov kws tshaj lij neeg hlau
For absence of robotics and intelligent manufacturing various talents and countries are already aware of, in 2018, was issued by the Ministry of Education announced on the first batch of "new engineering" project research and practice of notice, which is put forward to promote new engineering construction, building intelligent manufacturing, engineering and other professional robots, emphasize the practicability, and cross discipline and comprehensive, Focus on information communication, robot control, software design and other new technology and traditional industrial technology closely combined.
Txoj kev pib tau ua rau muaj kev nce qib ntawm cov kev txawj ntse txawj ntse thiab cov neeg hlau loj hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab thiab kev ua haujlwm. Raws li kev txheeb cais, tus naj npawb ntawm undergraduate artificial txawj ntse majors tau nce los ntawm 35 hauv 2018 txog 345 tam sim no. Tus naj npawb ntawm undergraduate robotics engineering majors tau nce los ntawm 86 hauv 2018 txog 302 tam sim no. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam neeg hlau tau nce los ntawm 523 hauv 2018 rau 708 hauv lub Peb Hlis 2021.
October this year, the general office of the central committee of the communist party of China, issued by The General Office of the State Council concerning the opinion "to promote the development of modern vocational education quality, specifically around the national major strategic, tight butt industrial upgrading and technological change trend of priority to the development of advanced manufacturing, new materials, modern information technology, artificial intelligence and so on a number of emerging industries need professional, We will encourage listed companies and leading enterprises to offer vocational education, and encourage enterprises of all types to participate in providing vocational education in accordance with the law.
Cov kev cob qhia ua haujlwm ua haujlwm los ntawm cov tuam txhab neeg hlau, txawm hais tias muaj qee yam kev pheej hmoo raws li tau hais los saum no, kuj yog cov txheej txheem zoo. Cov neeg hlau ua lag luam xws li ABB, Fanuc, Kuka thiab Yaskawa ua cov kev cob qhia neeg hlau rau ntau tus neeg hauv ntau lub tebchaws txhua xyoo. Kev qhia txhua yam los ntawm kev ua haujlwm yooj yim rau thawj zaug - cov neeg siv sijhawm rau kev debugging complex robotic systems kom paub meej cov kev txawj txaus.
Germany with the academy of sciences, Alexander bangka said, "by the international robot manufacturers set up a training plan, can provide the key skills for future industrial workplace, workers in college certificate of robots on a global scale, are eligible for a wonderful new career opportunities, this is not limited to automotive industry robot and automation of the classic enterprise use, It also applies to small and medium-sized companies with various branches."
Talent is always the core problem of development. If the talent problem is not handled properly, it will become the biggest obstacle to the upgrading of China's intelligent manufacturing industry and seriously delay the pace of development. I hope that with the efforts of the country and the market, there will be a good result in the future.